Slaves helped build White House and Capitol
by William Reed
�Guest Columnist�
(FinalCall.com) -- A 1790s U.S. Treasury Department note read:
"Please pay to John Hurie the balance due for the hire of Negro Emanuel
for the year 1794." Few entries in America�s history ledger note the
uncompensated economic contributions of enslaved Africans in the U.S. as
John Hurie�s request for payment for his hired slave. The government
paid Mr. Hurie, but now some of today�s Blacks want Emanuel�s
descendents to be compensated for their ongoing plight on these shores.
Government�s debt to Blacks has been pending a long time. On December
2, 1863, when the "Freedom" statue was hoisted atop the dome of the U.S.
Capitol, it was due to the workmanship of a slave at the Bladensburg
(Maryland) Foundry, Philip Reid. He was responsible for the bronze
casting that is a symbol of freedom around the world.
Between 1790 and 1863, artisans like Reid comprised half the
workforce that built the White House and the Capitol. America�s Capitol
City was built on the backs of slaves: Those who worked Virginia�s
quarries, digging and transporting the stones to Washington; performing
work required to place the cut stones on the walls; digging the trenches
and ditches; and hauling lumber and other materials.
Over a 70-year period, slaves toiled from dawn to dusk building the
temples to represent a country were "all men are created equal." Slaves
cleared the trees and brush for the Mall and Washington boulevards that
lead to the seat of a government "with liberty and justice for all."
Reid & Company never received a fair day�s pay, but the Irish and
German immigrant workers who labored beside them were paid from $4.65 to
$10.50 a week. Enslavers like Hurie and Reid�s owner Clark Mills
received $5 a week for each of their slave�s labors.
On August 17, 2002, a million Black Americans are scheduled to
convene at the U.S. Capitol to demand compensation for the works of
Reid, and other ancestors who built the Capitol, and the country�s
capitalistic system. Even though Colin Powell and Condeleezza Rice won�t
be among them, people who feel America still owes them a debt will press
their case for Black reparations. Bryan Gumbel may be missing, but those
attending will be standing up for contemporary victims of "America�s
Holocaust."
Before Phillip Reid�s ancestors reached America, 15 to 25 million
other Africans were killed in the Middle Passage. Subsequently,
enslavement of Blacks in America lasted 246 years; followed by a century
of legal racial segregation and discrimination. Though America refuses
to apologize to African Americans for slavery and its vestiges, the
periods constitute the world�s longest running crime against humanity.
Though the Blacks in corporate America won�t be totally represented,
those that do come will speak for millions of Blacks who remain
economically and socially disabled by American slavery and the century
of government-embraced racial discrimination that followed it. Marchers
don�t expect Department of Justice�s Larry Thompson to be there, but
many there will decry the disproportionate number of Black men
populating America�s prisons. They�ll be there for remedies for the high
rate of birth defects among impoverished Black mothers, educational
opportunities, and discuss why Black unemployment rates double that of
Whites year after year.
As a result of the ravages of slavery and racial strictures that
followed it, Blacks in America have been consigned to the Nation�s
economic bottom. A static economic gap has existed for Blacks since the
Emancipation Proclamation.
On August 17th, an aggrieved community of slave descendents will
gather beneath the stature of Freedom to that centuries-old debts to
them will be addressed once and for all.
|